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Acanthosis Nigrans

is an increase in pigmentation. The darker skin is also slightly elevated and scaly, often with the appearance of dirt that won't wash off. One large study in Spain reported that out of 51 adults with Down syndrome, 26 had acanthosis nigrans. This condition most often appears on the back of the neck, the hands, and the groin. While acanthosis nigrans has been associated with type II diabetes mellitus, none of the affected adults with Down syndrome with acanthosis nigrans had evidence of diabetes.